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March 8, 1997
Hormone Therapy: Issues of the HeartThe synthetic form of progesterone most commonly prescribed for postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy in the United States may erase the therapy's intended heart benefits.
Hermsmeyer, K., et al. 1997. Reactivity-based coronary vasospasm independent of atherosclerosis in rhesus monkeys. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 29(March 1):671.
Miyagawa, K. . . .K. Hermsmeyer. 1997. Medroxyprogesterone interferes with ovarian steroid protection against coronary vasospasm. Nature Medicine 3(March):324.
Williams, J.K., and M.R. Adams. 1997. Estrogens, progestins and coronary artery reactivity. Nature Medicine 3(March):273.
Adams, M.R. . . . J.K. Williams. 1997. Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary artery atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Medicine 17(January):217.
Adler, T. 1994. New success with heart disease drugs. Science News 146(Nov. 26):357.
Fackelmann, K. 1994. Forever smart. Science News 147(Feb. 4):74.
______. 1993. Heart findings support hormonal therapy. Science News 143(April 17):246.
Raloff, J. 1996. Boning up on postmenopausal hormones. Science News 150(Nov. 9):293.
Seachrist, L. 1995. What risk hormones? Science News 148(Aug. 5):94.
Bacteria give new meaning to 'computer bug'A light-sensitive molecule made by a saltwater bacterium could form the basis of an optical computer.
Lewis, A., et al. 1997. Optical computation with negative light intensity with a plastic bacteriorhodopsin film. Science 275(March 7):1462.
Cowen, R. 1993. Juggling at the speed of light. Science News 143(Jan. 23):63.
Lipkin, R. 1994. The eye's photochemistry. Science News 146(Oct. 29):279.
_____. 1994. Cesium atoms for optical computers. Science News 146(Oct. 1):214.
Peterson, I. 1991. Ultrafast first step for light into sight. Science News 140(Oct. 26):261.
_____. 1991. Lighting the way to speedier circuits. Science News 139(June 22):389.
Schmidt, K.F. 1993. Colored glass lights future optics route. Science News 143(April 17):245.
The level of neural activity in a specific part of the cortex seems to signal whether medication will lift a depressed person's mood.
Mayberg, H., et al. 1997. Cingulate function in depression. NeuroReport 8(March 3).
Mayberg, H. In press. Limbic-cortical dysregulation. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences.
Discovery of a dust disk orbiting two stars could double the estimate of planets in the galaxy.
Kalas, P., and D. Jewitt. 1997. A candidate dust disk surrounding the binary stellar system BD+31 643. Nature 386(March 6):52.
Lissauer, J. 1997. Growing up in a two-parent family? Nature 386(March 6):18.
Cowen, R. 1995. In the footsteps of Descartes: Does stormy weather spawn planets? Science News 147(April 22):251.
Peterson, I. 1993. A rocky start. Science News 143(March 20):190.
Observation of an excess of high-energy positron-proton collisions in which a positron rebounds with an enormous amount of momentum suggests the existence of particles or forces outside of conventional theory.
Recent results from HERA can be found at http://info.desy.de/pr-info/desy-recent-hera-results-feb97_e.html.
A summary of the results reported by the ZEUS Collaboration is at http://zow00.desy.de:8000/~ukatz/ZEUS_PUBLIC/hqex/hqex_highx.html.
Gillies, J. 1996. Warsaw conference. CERN Courier (October):1.
Hitlin, D. 1997. A new test for the Standard Model. Physics World 10(February):37.
Miller, D. 1997. New physics at last? Nature 385(Feb. 27):768.
Peterson, I. 1996. A hint of particles within quarks. Science News 149(Feb. 17):102.
______. 1995. Beyond the top. Science News 148(July 1):10.
Information on the ZEUS Experiment at HERA is available at http://zow00.desy.de:8000/.
A week after the announcement that a sheep had been cloned from adult cells, Oregon scientists performed a similar feat in monkeys using cells from embryos.
Wolf, D., L. Meng, R. Stouffer, and J. Ely. 1997. Press conference at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center. Beaverton, Ore.
Travis, J. 1997. Ewe again? Cloning from adult DNA. Science News 151(March 1):132.
A newly discovered gene encodes a protein used by some cells to convert food calories to heat, an energy-consuming mechanism that some researchers speculate may be sluggish in obese people.
Fleury, C., et al. 1997. Uncoupling protein 2: A novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia. Nature Genetics 15(March):269.
Flier, J., and B. Lowell. Obesity research springs a proton leak. Nature Genetics 15(March):223.
Inhaled steroids effectively relieve asthma, but prolonged, high-dose use markedly increases an elderly person's risk of glaucoma.
Garbe, E. . . .S. Suissa. 1997. Inhaled and nasal glucocorticoids and the risks of ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. Journal of the American Medical Association 277(March 5):735.
Barnes, P.J. 1995. Drug therapy: Inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma. New England Journal of Medicine 332(March 30):868.
The earliest flying vertebrate broke new biological ground when it constructed wings.
Frey, E., H.-D. Sues, and W. Munk. 1997. Gliding mechanism in the late Permian reptile Coelurosauravus. Science 275(March 7):1450.
Chemists have built a tough synthetic protein based on clues provided by microorganisms thriving in near-boiling water on the ocean floor.
Jiang, X., E. Bishop, and R. Farid. 1997. A de novo protein with properties that characterize natural hyperthermophilic proteins. Journal of the American Chemical Society 119(Jan.):838.
Lipkin, R. 1995. Enzyme helps microorganism thrive in heat. Science News 147(March 11):150.
Like Frankenstein's monster, a working enzyme can be constructed by stitching together parts.
Nixon, A.E., M.S. Warren, and S.J. Benkovic. 1997. Assembly of an active enzyme by the linkage of two protein modules. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94(Feb. 18):1069.
Amato, I. 1990. New enzyme synthesized from scratch. Science News 137(June 23):388.
_____. 1989. Teaching antibodies new tricks. Science News 136(Sept. 2):152.
Kaiser, J. 1995. Ruminations on how enzymes evolved. Science News 147(March 4):133.
Schmidt, K.F. 1993. Evolution in a test tube. Science News 144(Aug. 7):90.
After they become infected, immune cells of some people may be able to prevent certain strains of the HIV virus from reproducing.
Cloyd, M. 1997. Host differential genetic susceptibility to HIV-1. The 163rd annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Seattle.
Williams, L., and M. Cloyd. 1991. Polymorphic human gene(s) determines differential susceptibility of CD4 lymphocytes to infection by certain HIV-1 isolates. Virology 184:723.
A version of a gene recently associated with the aging process may increase a person's heart attack risk.
Martin, G. 1997. Werner syndrome helicase: How relevant to mechanisms of aging? The 163rd annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Seattle.
Ye, L. 1997. Association of a polymorphic variant of the Werner helicase gene with myocardial infarction in a Japanese population. American Journal of Medical Genetics 68:494.
Fackelmann, K. 1996. Gene for early aging found. Science News. 149(May 11):301.
By March 20, Comet Hale-Bopp should become a naked-eye spectacle in the northwestern sky just after twilight.
Cowen, R. 1996. Bright comet poses puzzles. Science News 149(June 1):346.
______. 1995. New comet could be quite a sight in 1997. Science News 148(Aug. 12):103.
There are several excellent websites on Comet Hale-Bopp. A site overseen by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is particularly good, includes up-to-date photos, and has links to other sites. The address is http://encke.jpl.nasa.gov/hale_bopp_info.html.
Earthquakes are nudging the North Pole toward Tokyo.
Spada, G. 1997. Why are earthquakes nudging the pole towards 140 degrees E.? Geophysical Research Letters 24(March 1):539.
Richards, M., et al. 1997. An explanation for Earth's long-term rotational stability. Science 275(Jan. 17):372.
Cooling of the eastern tropical Pacific has delayed global warming.
Cane, M.A. 1997. Twentieth-century sea surface temperature trends. Science 275(Feb.14):957.
Vaulting the Language BarrierComputers are helping to search texts and data now shrouded in linguistic differences
With a little help, computers can retrieve foreign texts or data and display it in another's mother tongue.
Belonogov, G.G., and B.A. Kuznetsov. 1995. Further development of information retrieval system for searching in Russian language data bases by queries in English (browser system). Part 4: English-Russian phraseological machine translation system. All Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (VINITI), Moscow.
______. 1995. Further development of information retrieval system for searching in Russian language data bases by queries in English (browser system). Part 5: Performance evaluation of the RETRANS, ERTRANS and BROWSER systems and prospects for their future development. All Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (VINITI), Moscow.
Oard, D.W., and B.J. Dorr. 1996. A survey of multilingual text retrieval. Computer Science Technical Report Series 3615 (UMIACS-TR-96-19). University of Maryland, College Park.
Pollitt, A.S., et al. 1996. View-based searching systems -- progress towards effective disintermediation. Online '96 conference. London, England.
Multilingual text retrieval website, University of Maryland: http://www.ee.umd.edu/medlab/mlir/.
1996. Language and electronics -- the coming global tongue. Economist 341(Dec. 21):75.
Borman, S. 1996. Is the web really worldwide? Chemical & Engineering News 74(Oct. 28):35.
Gibbs, W. W. 1995. Lost science in the Third World. Scientific American 273(August):92.
Marcus, R.S. 1994. Intelligent assistance for document retrieval based on contextual, structural, interactive Boolean models. Proceedings of the RIAO '94 Conference. New York City.
______. 1991. Computer and human understanding in intelligent retrieval assistance. Proceedings of the 54th American Society for Information Science annual meeting 28(October):49.
Raloff, J. 1995. New efforts to decloak 'invisible' science. Science News 148(July 22):55.
Scientists are putting postage-stamp-size DNA chips to an incredible variety of uses, including the detection of genetic mutations, the diagnosis of infectious disease, and the monitoring of activity inside cells.
Chee, M., et al. 1996. Accessing genetic information with high-density DNA arrays. Science 274(Oct. 25):610.
DeRisi, J., et al. 1996. Use of a cDNA microarray to analyse gene expression patterns in human cancer. Nature Genetics 14(December):457.
Hacia, J.. et al. 1996. Detection of heterozygous mutations in BRCA1 using high density oligonucleotide arrays and two-colour fluorescence analysis. Nature Genetics. 14(December):441.
Kozal, M. 1996. Extensive polymorphisms observed in HIV-1 clade B protease gene using high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Nature Medicine 2(July):753.
Lockhart, D., et al. 1996. Expression monitoring by hybridization to high-density oligonucleotide arrays. Nature Biotechnology 14(December):1675.
Shoemaker, D. 1996. Quantitative phenotypic analysis of yeast deletion mutants using a highly parallel molecular bar-coding strategy. Nature Genetics 14(December):450.
1996. To affinity and beyond. Nature Genetics 14(December):367.
Blanchard, A., and L. Hood. 1996. Sequence to array: Probing the genome's secrets. Nature Biotechnology. 14(December):1649.
Table of Contents - 3/8/97
