Science News Online (7/25/98): References for Hydrogen atoms chill to quantum sameness

References & Sources - July 25, 1998

<Back to Contents

Hydrogen atoms chill to quantum sameness

After 20 years of trying, physicists have supercooled hydrogen into a Bose-Einstein condensate, in which all atoms are in the same quantum-mechanical state.

References:

Kleppner, D. 1998. Bose-Einstein condensation in atomic gases. Second Summer Course of the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics. July. Varenna, Italy.

Further Readings:

Perkins, S. 1998. Liquid Bose-Einstein condensate found. Science News 153(Feb. 7):95.

Peterson, I. 1997. Speed of sound in frigid sodium cloud. Science News 151(May 3):279.

______. 1997. Quantum collapse of an atomic cluster. Science News 151(April 26):255.

______. 1996. Viewing, jiggling a novel state of matter. Science News 149(May 25):327.

Wu, C. 1995. Physics 'Holy Grail' finally captured. Science News 148(July 15):36.

Sources:

Thomas J. Greytak
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department of Physics
Room 13-2074
77 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02139

Allan Griffin
University of Toronto
Department of Physics
60 St. George Street
Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7
Canada

Back to Table of Contents - 7/25/98