References & Sources

Here’s the Skinny on Painless Vaccines

Using hair follicles as portals, scientists have delivered DNA vaccines directly—and painlessly—into the skin.

References:

Fan, H. . . . and P.A. Khavari. 1999. Immunization via hair follicles by topical application of naked DNA to normal skin. Nature Biotechnology 17(September):870.

Further Readings:

Tang, D., Z. Shi, and D.T. Curiel. 1997. Vaccination onto bare skin. Nature 388(Aug. 21):729.

Sources:

Hongran Fan
Veteran Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA 94304

Stephen A. Johnston
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
Department of Biochemistry
5323 Harry Hines Boulevard
Dallas, TX 75235-9038

Paul A.Khavari
Veteran Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto, CA 94304

From Science News, Vol. 156, No. 11, September 11, 1999, p. 164. Copyright © 1999, Science Service.