References & Sources

The Mental Butler Did It
Inner servants may unobtrusively pick up where free will leaves off

Unconscious operations may rule mental life, while deliberate choice plays a secondary but still crucial role.

References:

Bargh, J.A., and T.L. Chartrand. 1999. The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist 54(July):462.

Chartrand, T.L., and J.A. Bargh. 1999. The chameleon effect: The perception-behavior link and social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 76(June):893.

Kirsch, I., and S.J. Lynn. 1999. Automaticity in clinical psychology. American Psychologist 54(July):504.

Schooler, J., and S. Dougal. 1999. Subjective and experimental approaches to intuition. Journal of Consciousness Studies 6(February/March):280.

Steele, C.M. 1997. A threat in the air. American Psychologist 52(June):613.

Further Readings:

Bower, B. 1999. Math discoveries catch kids unawares. Science News 155(Jan. 2):5.

______. 1992. Consciousness raising. Science News 142(Oct. 10):232.

______. 1990. Gone but not forgotten. Science News 138(Nov. 17):312.

Sources:

John A. Bargh
New York University
Department of Psychology
6 Washington Place, 7th Floor
New York, NY 10003

Tanya L. Chartrand
Ohio State University
Department of Psychology
1885 Neil Avenue Mall
Columbus, OH 43210

Irving Kirsch
University of Connecticut
Department of Psychology, U-20
406 Babbidge Road
Storrs, CT 06269-1020

Benjamin Libet
University of California, San Francisco
Department of Physiology
Box 0444, C C330
San Francisco, CA 94143

Mary-Anne Martin
Fine Art
23 East 73rd Street
New York, NY 10021
Web site: http://www.mamfa.com

Jonathan W. Schooler
University of Pittsburgh
635 Learning Research and Development Center
3939 O’Hara Street
Pittsburgh, PA 15260

Robert S. Siegler
Carnegie Mellon University
Department of Psychology
Pittsburgh, PA 15213

Claude M. Steele
Stanford University
Department of Psychology
Jordan Hall, Building 420
Stanford, CA 94305

From Science News, Vol. 156, No. 18, October 30, 1999, p. 280. Copyright © 1999, Science Service.