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References & Sources

January 23, 1999

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Infant temperament shows its flexibility

Early behavioral styles, such as shyness or sociability, among infants often undergo noticeable shifts by age 4 1/2.

References:

Kagan, J., N. Snidman, and D. Arcus. 1998. Childhood derivatives of high and low reactivity in infancy. Child Development 69(December):1483.

Further Readings:

Lemery, K.S., H.H. Goldsmith, et al. 1999. Developmental models of infant and childhood temperament. Developmental Psychology 35:189.

Sources:

Jerome Kagan
Harvard University
Department of Psychology
33 Kirkland Street
Cambridge, MA 02138

From Science News, Vol. 155, No. 4, January 23, 1999, p. 55. Copyright © 1999, Science Service.


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