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Do Computers Need Immune Systems?
New computer viruses spread quickly over the Internet. Digital immune systems—processes that can recognize and destroy viruses that the computers have never encountered before—may become a critical part of keeping computers healthy in an increasingly connected world. (Illustration: Kay Salem) <Full Story>

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Four Years of
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on CD-ROM (1995-1998)

NEWS OF THE WEEK
(Full Text = Full Text References = References)

Invading Gobies Conquer Great Lakes Full Text References
In just 9 short years, a scrappy European fish has colonized all of five Great Lakes and is heading for the Mississippi.

Tropical fruits linked to parkinsonism References
A diet including soursop and related tropical fruits is linked to Parkinson’s-like diseases that strike the elderly in the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe.

Craggy border corrals waves on tiny drum References
Unlike an ordinary round drum, a surface with a jagged rim can vibrate in some regions while remaining still in others—and the explanation is somewhat unexpected.

ESP findings send controversial message Full Text References
A new analysis of telepathy experiments fails to demonstrate the phenomenon.

Gene-altered wood may yield more paper References
Aspen trees have been genetically engineered to enable easier and cheaper production of paper and biofuels.

Attractive tree ISO lemur to start a family References
Some 20 tree species in the dry forests of Madagascar depend on lemurs to disperse their seeds, and the disappearance of lemurs in forest fragments appears to threaten the trees.

Tiny earthquakes hint at larger shocks References
The timing of carbon-copy microquakes tells when stress is building along the San Andreas fault.

ARTICLES

Take Me out to the World Series...of Birding Full Text References
A brutal test of brains, endurance, and the ability to make funny noises
We provide an inside look at this intense event, which draws more than 50 teams to New Jersey every year for a 24-hour contest of ornithological skill and daring.

Beyond Virtual Vaccinations Full Text References
Developing a digital immune system in bits and bytes
New approaches to thwarting computer viruses, especially for people doing business over the Internet, will help computers ward off novel threats.

RESEARCH NOTES

Biology

The early fetus gets the womb References
A fertilized egg has only 8 days to implant before chances of a successful pregnancy fall.

Gene proves to be a pain in the back References
A defect in a gene encoding part of the disks between vertebrae may predispose people to back pain.

Science & Society

More on DOE’s security vulnerabilities References
New investigations at the Energy Department’s defense laboratories confirm that substantial problems that could have facilitated spying have long existed.

Ferreting out fraud: The Nordic track References
Nordic agencies investigating science-misconduct charges found few instances of fraud but several cases of questionable research practices.

Congress loses valued science ally References
With the death of Rep. George E. Brown Jr. (D–Calif.), Congress lost a renowned advocate for federal investments in science.