Pressure from seismic shaking can cause sand buried beneath layers of silt and clay to liquefy and exude out at the surface (diagram at left). Many such sandblows are still visible in the New Madrid region (aerial shot of a blow near Blytheville, Ark., at right).
Credit: from left: USGS (modified from Sims and Garvin, 1995), adapted by Janel Kiley; photo: Tish Tuttle/M. Tuttle & Associates
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