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Back story: Untangling SIV and HIV-1

The version of SIV found in the affected chimpanzees appears to have evolved from a mix of SIV from red-capped mangabeys and greater spot-nosed monkeys and their relatives, maybe via an intermediate host. This chimp version may have jumped to another chimp subspecies and gorillas. It also may have jumped to humans at least three different times, giving rise to HIV-1 groups M, N and O. Group O resembles the SIV recently found to infect gorillas, who may have been an intermediate host. Credit: Adapted from Heeney et al./Science 2006

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