- :: Atom & Cosmos
- :: Body & Brain
- :: Earth
- :: Environment
- :: Genes & Cells
- :: Humans
- :: Life
- :: Matter & Energy
- :: Molecules
- :: Science & Society
- :: Other Topics
- :: Science News For Kids
Last year, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change issued a series of consensus documents under the auspices of the United Nations. They claimed that accumulating data are now strong enough to conclude that human activities are warming the planet and that Earth’s slowly building fever threatens to alter life and geography as we know it. For the IPCC’s efforts, it shared last year’s Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore.
But the idea that the IPCC’s conclusions represented a
consensus is nothing short of bunk, according to Arthur Robinson,
a protein chemist and co-founder of the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine in Cave Junction.
He matintains that the UN was wrong in suggesting to the public that the IPCC’s
findings “settle the issue” of whether fossil-fuel combustion’s emissions can
be linked to climate. Indeed, he argued, in the
At a very sparsely attended press briefing, this morning, Robinson reported that his organization had compiled a list of more than 30,000 scientists who have signed onto a petition saying that “There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth’s atmosphere and disruption of the Earth’s climate.
“Moreover,” the petition continues, “there is substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth.”
The petition’s signatories “urge the
Robinson doesn’t dispute that Earth’s temperature is rising. He only takes issue with the contention that increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases – especially CO2 – drive temperature. In fact, he argues, it’s the other way around: Temperature drives atmospheric increases of CO2. As temperature rises, the partial pressure of CO2 in water will cause increasing amounts to volatilize from the oceans and enter the atmosphere. He likened this to the way heating a carbonated soft drink causes its CO2 to quickly bubble out.
Plenty of people trained the in the physical sciences have read climate-science papers or digested reviews of those papers and realize that the IPCC consensus statements’ conclusions are silly, at best, and dangerous at worst, Robinson said. If the IPCC’s conclusions are used to justify regulations that limit use of fossil fuels, this will deny many people across the globe of their “human rights” to a safe and affordable fuel to propel their societies’ growth and development, he charged.
When I (one of perhaps eight to 10 reporters in the audience) asked whether there were any climatologists who had signed the petition, Robinson said yes, 40 of them. Another 341 were meteorologists, and 114 were atmospheric scientists, he said. Add in environmental scientists and the total in this composite category jumps to 3,697. Some 900 were trained in computer science, math, or statistics. Roughly 9,900 were trained as engineers or in general science (whatever that means). An additional 5,690 were trained as physicists, 4,800 as chemists, and 2,923 as biochemists. Several thousand more were trained in still other fields. Of the total, roughly one-third said they held PhDs.
But there’s an important caveat. There’s been no vetting of the petition’s signers to confirm that they indeed trained in the field they claimed to have had. What’s more, Robinson’s group made no attempt to find out whether people worked in the field for which they trained. So someone educated as a physical chemist or computer scientist might actually be working today as a stock broker, pianist, or taxi driver.
Before asking scientists to sign the peition, Robinson’s group sent many of the individuals a packet containing the document’s wording together with a 12-page paper that he, his son, and another scientist had written. It claims to have reviewed much of the same climate literature that the IPCC did.
Also in the package sent out to potential petition signers: a letter from the late Frederick Seitz, president emeritus of Rockefeller University and former president of the National Academy of Sciences. His imprimatur was likely a weighty and influential part of the package. Seitz asked recipients to carefully read Robinson’s review paper – published in, of all places – the quarterly Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons.
Why in a journal for doctors? Robinson says it had no copyright objections to his distributing the paper far and wide. Because climate journals would likely have offered up such an objection, he said he wanted to wait until after the petition drive was over before he reformulated the material and submitted it for publication in one of them.
Although I don’t buy Robinson’s facile castigation of the IPCC process and its conclusions, he does have a point. The consensus statements that IPCC issued don’t represent the views of all scientists. But then I, for one, never thought they did.
Let’s see who else has problems with Robinson’s opus and the nonvalidated qualifications of his petition’s signatories …
Found in: Climate Change and Science & Society
- Science & the Public : Freon’s Cool Link to Climate
- Climate clues in ice
- Science & the Public : Air Pollution Can Be So Cool — ing
- Down with Carbon
- The Next Ocean
- Transport emissions sizable, and rising
- Falling Behind: North American terrain absorbs carbon dioxide too slowly
- It's not nice to fool Mother Nature
- Stunting Growth: Ozone will trim plants' carbon-storing power
- Southern seas slow their uptake of CO2
- Emissions tied to global warming are on the rise
- From Bad to Worse: Earth's warming to accelerate


However, folks who cook up strange petitions of this sort do serious damage to the scientific usefulness of legitimate dissent.
That's the number of scientists who are outraged by the Kyoto Protocol's corruption of science
Lawrence Solomon, Financial Post Published: Saturday, May 17, 2008
Question: How many scientists does it take to establish that a consensus does not exist on global warming? The quest to establish that the science is not settled on climate change began before most people had even heard of global warming.
The year was 1992 and the United Nations was about to hold its Earth Summit in Rio. It was billed as -- and was -- the greatest environmental and political assemblage in human history. Delegations came from 178 nations -- virtually every nation in the world -- including 118 heads of state or government and 7,000 diplomatic bureaucrats. The world's environmental groups came too -- they sent some 30,000 representatives from every corner of the world to Rio. To report all this, 7,000 journalists converged on Rio to cover the event, and relay to the publics of the world that global warming and other environmental insults were threatening the planet with catastrophe.
In February of that year, in an attempt to head off the whirlwind that the conference would unleash, 47 scientists signed a "Statement by Atmospheric Scientists on Greenhouse Warming," decrying "the unsupported assumption that catastrophic global warming follows from the burning of fossil fuels and requires immediate action."
To a scientist in search of truth, 47 is an impressive number, especially if those 47 dissenters include many of the world's most eminent scientists. To the environmentalists, politicians, press at Rio, their own overwhelming numbers made the 47 seem irrelevant.
Knowing this, a larger petition effort was undertaken, known as the Heidelberg Appeal, and released to the public at the Earth Summit. By the summit's end, 425 scientists and other intellectual leaders had signed the appeal.
These scientists -- mere hundreds -- also mattered for nought in the face of the tens of thousands assembled at Rio. The Heidelberg Appeal was blown away and never obtained prominence, even though the organizers persisted over the years to ultimately obtain some 4,000 signatories, including 72 Nobel Prize winners.
The earnest effort to demonstrate the absence of a consensus continued with the Leipzig Declaration on Global Climate Change -- an attempt to counter the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. Its 150-odd signatories also counted for nought. As did the Cornwall Declaration on Environmental Stewardship in 2000, signed by more than 1,500 clergy, theologians, religious leaders, scientists, academics and policy experts concerned about the harm that Kyoto could inflict on the world's poor.
Then came the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine's Petition Project of 2001, which far surpassed all previous efforts and by all rights should have settled the issue of whether the science was settled on climate change. To establish that the effort was bona fide, and not spawned by kooks on the fringes of science, as global warming advocates often label the skeptics, the effort was spearheaded by Dr. Frederick Seitz, past president of the National Academy of Sciences and of Rockefeller University, and as reputable as they come.
The Oregon petition garnered an astounding 17,800 signatures, a number all the more astounding because of the unequivocal stance that these scientists took: Not only did they dispute that there was convincing evidence of harm from carbon dioxide emissions, they asserted that Kyoto itself would harm the global environment because "increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth."
The petition drew media attention, but little of it was for revealing to the world that an extraordinary number of scientists hold views on global warming diametrically opposite to those they are expected to hold. Instead, the press focussed on presumed flaws that critics found in the petition. Some claimed the petition was riddled with duplicate names. They were no duplicates, just different scientists with the same name. Some claimed the petition had phonies. There was only one phony: Spice Girl Geri Halliwell, planted by a Greenpeace organization to discredit the petition and soon removed. Other names that seemed to be phony -- such as Michael Fox, the actor, and Perry Mason, the fictional lawyer in a TV series -- were actually bona fide scientists, properly credentialled.
Like the Heidelberg Appeal, the Oregon petition was blown away. But now it is blowing back. Original signatories to the petition and others, outraged at Kyoto's corruption of science, wrote to the Oregon Institute and its director, Arthur Robinson, asking that the petition be brought back.
"E-mails started coming in every day," he explained. "And they kept coming. " The writers were outraged at the way Al Gore and company were abusing the science to their own ends. "We decided to do the survey again."
Using a subset of the mailing list of American Men and Women of Science, a who's who of Science, Robinson mailed out his solicitations through the postal service, requesting signed petitions of those who agreed that Kyoto was a danger to humanity. The response rate was extraordinary, "much, much higher than anyone expected, much higher than you'd ordinarily expect," he explained. He's processed more than 31,000 at this point, more than 9,000 of them with PhDs, and has another 1,000 or so to go -- most of them are already posted on a Web site at petitionproject.org.
Why go to this immense effort all over again, when the press might well ignore the tens of thousands of scientists who are standing up against global warming alarmism?
"I hope the general public will become aware that there is no consensus on global warming," he says, "and I hope that scientists who have been reluctant to speak up will now do so, knowing that they aren't alone."
At one level, Robinson, a PhD scientist himself, recoils at his petition. Science shouldn't be done by poll, he explains. "The numbers shouldn't matter. But if they want warm bodies, we have them."
Some 32,000 scientists is more than the number of environmentalists that descended on Rio in 1992. Is this enough to establish that the science is not settled on global warming? The press conference releasing these names occurs on Monday at the National Press Center in Washington. You'll know soon enough if anyone shows up.
LawrenceSolomon@nextcity.com - Lawrence Solomon is executive director of Energy Probe and author of The Deniers. www.energyprobe.org
Global warming is not a new phenomenon. The earth has experienced global warming at the end of each of the last seven ice ages over the last 700,000 years. It has happened every 100,000 years, almost like clockwork. For all of these events, the cooling which led to continental glaciation and the warming which subsequently melted the ice occurred before mankind, sorry, that is politically incorrect, humankind was a factor. In the first six of these events, there was no burning of fossil fuels by humans and for the last event, most of the warming took place before fossil fuels were used in significant quantities.
In the article "Forest Invades Tundra," by Janet Raloff, in the July 5, 2008 issue of SN, it is stated, in a not so straight forward terms that trees are beginning to grow in the tundra just as they were some 1000 years ago. This alarming revelation demonstrates that the global temperature was as high or higher then as it is now. In addition, it was stated that there were 200 trillion kilograms of CO2 stored in the top meter of the Arctic tundra. It was implied that this might be released by warming. Draw your own conclusions.
The current warming trend was interrupted, by the so called “little ice age” which began around 1250 AD and ended about 1850. When the Vikings settled in Greenland as early as 700 AD, the weather there and the glaciers of the world were about as we know them today; it was perhaps a bit warmer then. Around 1000 AD, the temperature began to trend downward. The North Atlantic became choked with ice and crops failed in Greenland as well as all over Europe. Apparently the inclement weather of that little ice age interrupted trade with Europe and local farming in Greenland to such an extent that the Greenland Vikings died out by around 1500. They starved to death as did millions of people in Europe.
Is this the desired end of those that wish to end the use of fossil fuels? From another comment I quote, “The year was 1992 and the United Nations was about to hold its Earth Summit in Rio. It was billed as -- and was -- the greatest environmental and political assemblage in human history. Delegations came from 178 nations -- virtually every nation in the world -- including 118 heads of state or government and 7,000 diplomatic bureaucrats. The world's environmental groups came too -- they sent some 30,000 representatives from every corner of the world to Rio. To report all this, 7,000 journalists converged on Rio to cover the event, and relay to the public of the world that global warming and other environmental insults were threatening the planet with catastrophe.”
I call attention to the presence of 7,000 diplomatic bureaucrats, and 7,000 journalists, all non scientists and 30,000 environmentalists of unknown scientific qualification. I would recommend a book, “Myths, Lies and Downright Stupidity,” by John Stossel, an author from the New York Times of all places. He makes an eloquent statement about the danger of mixing science and politics. Most of that is done by journalists, and politicians. Oh, well.
Some put great stock in the debate about whether there is a scientific consensus regard global warming's cause. Getting caught up in this debate is, I believe, a distraction and misses an issue of much greater import.
Making any choice carries with it two characteristics. One is, Am I making the correct choice? The other concerns payoff. Given that I am right, what is the payoff of this choice. Given that I am wrong, what is the cost or penalty of this choice?
There are times that one's assessment of payoff can influence the choice itself. In particular, the penalty for being wrong may overwhelm concern about the correctness of the choice in the first place. This is the aspect of the global warming "debate" that seems to get lost when "experts" weigh in. Conversely, I suspect that nonscientists may feel a greater sense of alarm regarding payoff than scientists. Why? Perhaps it has something to do with the fact that in science, reputations (and egos) depend more on correctness than they do on social consequences. At any rate, it all boils down to the cost of being wrong.
If I (and the rest of the world) stake our future on the choice that global warming is human in origin, a lot of actions will result. And what is the cost of being wrong? It is this. Trillions of dollars will be spent on carbon sequestration, alternative energy, increasing resource efficiency and decreasing waste. That's a lot of money to spend based on a miscalculation.
On the other hand, suppose that I (and the rest of the world) stake our future on the choice that global warming is a natural phenomenon. This choice, too, will motivate many actions (and inactions). What is the cost of being wrong here? Tremendous climate destabilization, rapid elimination of many ecological niches, loss of many species and hundreds of million human climate refugees. Some fear that the loss of human and nonhuman populations will be catastrophic to such a degree as to damage human civilization irreparably. Now, for the sake of argument, imagine that these penalties could be converted into a standard set of units, such as trillions of dollars.
Is it not an easy conclusion to draw that the cost of being wrong in the first case pales in comparison to the cost of being wrong in the second case?
Therefore, we would do best to act as if global warming is due to human population, human resource utilization, human ignorance of limits in the earth's capacity to absorb human waste products, and human inertia at a time that a problem has swelled to runaway proportions.
It is better to be wrong than to be not here at all.
Please login or register to participate.