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We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.

  1. Astronomy

    Hidden black holes

    A new study has added to existing evidence that most of the monster black holes at the cores of galaxies are shrouded by dust.

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  2. Astronomy

    First Supper: X rays may mark eating habits of baby black holes

    Astronomers have evidence that just minutes after their tumultuous birth, baby black holes emit powerful burps of X rays that may be fueled by material left over from their first meal.

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  3. Planetary Science

    Radar for rovers on future Mars trips?

    Scientists are developing ground-penetrating radar equipment that could serve as geologists' helpers on future Mars-roving vehicles.

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  4. Planetary Science

    Enceladus: Small but feisty

    Close-up observations of Saturn's tiny moon Enceladus reveal that its south pole is hotter than its equator and that the icy satellite continues to undergo eruptions.

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  5. Astronomy

    Big sky

    The biggest survey of the heavens just got bigger when the Sloan Digital Sky Survey received a 3-year extension.

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  6. Astronomy

    Three’s Company: Asteroid 87 Sylvia and her two moons

    Astronomers have for the first time discovered an asteroid with two moons, an indication that the rock is highly porous.

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  7. Astronomy

    Cosmic soot

    Astronomers have found a group of complex organic compounds, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, from a time when the universe was less than one-third its current age.

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  8. Astronomy

    Cosmic Computing

    The largest computer simulation of the universe ever compiled uses dark matter to shed light on the formation of galaxies and on the visible structure of the universe.

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  9. Planetary Science

    Bigger than Pluto: Tenth planet or icy leftover?

    Astronomers have found a body larger and more distant than Pluto, the biggest object found in the solar system since Neptune and its moon Triton were discovered in 1846.

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  10. Planetary Science

    Cassini eyes youthful-looking Saturnian moon

    On July 14, the Cassini spacecraft came within 175 kilometers of the south polar region of Saturn's bright, tiny moon Enceladus, revealing a tortured terrain of faults, folds, and ridges.

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  11. Astronomy

    Planet potential

    Observations with the Submillimeter Array on Hawaii's Mauna Kea reveal that, despite their bombardment by a stellar bully, the disks in Orion have enough material to form planets.

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  12. Astronomy

    A new X-ray eye on the cosmos

    To study some of the hottest regions in the universe, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency has launched the coldest instrument ever flown.

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