Chemistry
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We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.
- 			 Physics PhysicsChemists strike gold, solve mystery about precious metal’s propertiesA longstanding puzzle about gold’s properties has been solved with more complex theoretical calculations. 
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryNew molecular knot is most complex yetThe knot is woven from 192 atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and forms a triple braid with eight crossing points. By Meghan Rosen
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryBetter batteries charge forwardNext-generation batteries must hold more energy for longer periods at low cost. Several contenders may achieve some of these elusive goals. By Susan Gaidos
- 			 Physics PhysicsNew form of hydrogen createdScientists have created negatively charged clusters of hydrogen for the first time. 
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryDebate heats up over claims that hot water sometimes freezes faster than coldA team of chemists has a new explanation for the Mpemba effect, while other scientists debate if it is even real. 
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryCarbon can exceed four-bond limitScientists confirm structure of unusual molecule in which carbon bonds to six other carbon atoms. 
- 			 Planetary Science Planetary ScienceFirst signs of boron on Mars hint at past groundwater, habitabilityThe Curiosity rover has found the first signs of boron on Mars, which could hint at past habitable groundwater. 
- 			 Planetary Science Planetary ScienceFirst signs of boron on Mars hint at past groundwater, habitabilityThe Curiosity rover has found the first signs of boron on Mars, which could hint at past habitable groundwater. 
- 			 Life LifeEarly RNA may have used isolation strategy to defeat useless mutantsTemporary barriers help RNA escape shorter, faster-replicating parasites 
- 			 Earth EarthThird kind of quasicrystal found in Russian meteoriteA new quasicrystal found inside a Russian meteorite is the first ever found in nature before being synthesized in the lab. 
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryEnzyme forges carbon-silicon bonds with a little human helpA few tweaks to an enzyme help it link carbon to silicon — a match not found in nature. 
- 			 Chemistry ChemistryNames for four new elements get seal of approvalThe International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has approved the proposed names for the four elements added to the periodic table in December 2015.