Space
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We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.
- 			 Astronomy AstronomyThe Milky Way’s black hole is constantly bubblingThe disc of plasma surrounding the black hole at the heart of the Milky Way is constantly emitting flares both large and small. 
- 			 Astronomy AstronomyCitizen scientists make cosmic discoveries with a global telescope networkOn balconies and in backyards, Wi-Fi–enabled telescopes are connecting astronomy enthusiasts across six continents. 
- 			 Astronomy AstronomyThe universe’s first supernovas probably produced waterWater may have formed less than 200 million years after the Big Bang, suggesting some conditions for life existed far earlier than previously thought. 
- 			 Planetary Science Planetary ScienceA private mission to Venus aims to look for signs of lifeIf successful, Morning Star would be the first private mission to another planet and the first in over 30 years to directly measure Venus’s clouds. 
- 			 Astronomy AstronomySome of Earth’s meteors are probably coming all the way from a neighboring star systemThe triple star system is sending comets, asteroids and meteors our way, and the number of interstellar objects entering the solar system will rise. By Ken Croswell
- 			 Space SpaceThe International Space Station lacks microbial diversity. Is it too clean?Hundreds of surface swabs reveal the station lacks microbial diversity, an imbalance that has been linked to health issues in other settings. 
- 			 Planetary Science Planetary ScienceAncient Mars wasn’t just wet. It was cold and wetMars may once have held enough water to fill oceans and form coastlines. The planet’s red dust contains water and likely formed in cold conditions. By Skyler Ware
- 			 Space SpaceEarth had new, temporary radiation rings last yearTwo bands of radiation called the Van Allen belts encircle Earth. After a May 2024 solar superstorm, two more showed up between those belts. 
- 			 Physics PhysicsA weird ice that may form on alien planets has finally been observedHigh-pressure experiments generated the first direct observation of plastic ice, which has qualities of both crystalline ice and liquid water. By Nikk Ogasa
- 			 Physics PhysicsA cosmic neutrino of unknown origins smashes energy recordsA deep-sea detector glimpsed a particle with 220 million billion electron volts of energy — around 20 times as energetic as any neutrino seen before. 
- 			 Astronomy AstronomyA fast radio burst from a dead galaxy puzzles astronomersA blast of radio waves from the outskirts of an ancient galaxy challenges theories about what creates such bursts. 
- 			 Planetary Science Planetary ScienceThe moon’s two grand canyons formed in less than 10 minutesTwo gargantuan canyons on the moon were carved by a hailstorm of rocks — and that’s good news for future lunar astronauts.