Archaeology

Anthropology

Hominids used stone tool kits to butcher animals earlier than once thought

Finds in Kenya push Oldowan tool use back to around 2.9 million years ago, roughly 300,000 years earlier than previous evidence.

Humans

50 years ago, scientists debated when humans first set foot in North America

In 1973, archaeologists debated when people first arrived in the Americas. Mounting evidence suggests its much earlier than they thought.

Archaeology

Vikings brought animals to England as early as the year 873

A chemical analysis of cremated remains offers physical evidence of the arrival of Norse animals to England in the ninth century.

Archaeology

Chemical residue reveals ancient Egyptians’ mummy-making mixtures

Chemical clues in embalming vessels reveal previously unknown ingredients used to prepare bodies for mummification and their far-flung origins.

Physics

Muon scanning hints at mysteries within an ancient Chinese wall

Density fluctuations within the ancient rampart encircling the city of Xi’an could be defects or yet-to-be-discovered archaeological finds.

Archaeology

Mysterious marks on Ice Age cave art may have been a form of record keeping

Hunter-gatherers during the Ice Age may have recorded when prey mated and gave birth, suggesting that these people possessed complex cognitive skills

Chemistry

These chemists cracked the code to long-lasting Roman concrete

Roman concrete has stood the test of time, so scientists searched ruins to unlock the ancient recipe that could help architecture and climate change.

Archaeology

Complex supply chains may have appeared more than 3,000 years ago

Finds from one of the world’s oldest shipwrecks hint that miners in Central Asia and Turkey provided a crucial metal to Mediterranean rulers.

Archaeology

Lasers reveal sites used as the Americas’ oldest known star calendars

By around 3,100 years ago, Mesoamerican ritual complexes tracked celestial cycles using a 260-day count, a huge lidar mapping project shows.

Earth

Indigenous people may have created the Amazon’s ‘dark earth’ on purpose

Modern Amazonians make nutrient-rich soil from ash, food scraps and burns. The soil strongly resembles ancient dark soils found in the region.

Anthropology

Homo naledi may have lit fires in underground caves at least 236,000 years ago

Homo naledi may have joined the group of ancient hominids who built controlled fires, presumably for light or warmth, new finds hint.

Archaeology

A spider monkey’s remains tell a story of ancient diplomacy in the Americas

A 1,700-year-old spider monkey skeleton unearthed at Teotihuacan in Mexico was likely a diplomatic gift from the Maya.