Chronicling a war of beetle vs. leaf

A rare meshing of family trees may reveal an ancient arms race between plants that deploy poisons and the beetles that deploy metabolic or behavioral countermeasures so they can eat the leaves anyway.

BOMB SQUAD. A beetle larva takes about an hour to nibble and defuse a long leaf tube that holds pressurized toxins. L. Venable/PNAS

It’s been tricky to find evidence that such ploys coevolved in any species of plants and their pests, says Judith X.