A Cut above the Ordinary: Low-tech machining yields coveted nanostructure

Drills, lathes, and milling machines produce metal trimmings that machine shops discard as trash or melt down for reuse. A new study finds that these trimmings often end up with a fine-grained and especially hard microscopic structure equivalent to that of expensive high-tech materials.

STOP ACTION. The fine-grained chip of copper (at top) was created when a machine tool plowed into a piece of bulk copper (horizontal region at bottom).